Furrow flooding is an example of which type of irrigation?

Furrow flooding is classified under surface irrigation because it involves the application of water to the soil surface and allows it to flow through furrows or channels created in the field. This method relies on the force of gravity to move the water along the furrows, where it infiltrates the soil and reaches the plant roots. This type of irrigation is one of the simplest and most traditional methods used in agriculture, making it an effective choice for various crops.

In contrast, drip irrigation involves delivering water directly to the base of the plants through a system of tubes and emitters, which is not applicable to furrow flooding. Subsurface irrigation entails placing irrigation pipes below the soil surface to supply water directly to the root zone, also different from the surface-based flow in furrow flooding. Hydroponic irrigation, on the other hand, does not involve soil at all, as it is a method of growing plants in a nutrient solution or an inert medium, thereby being unrelated to the concept of furrow flooding.